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<?xml version='1.0' ?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % myvars SYSTEM "../variables.ent">
%myvars;
]>
<sect1 id="oracle">
<title>Install Oracle 8.1.7</title>
<authorblurb>
<para>By <ulink url="mailto:vinod@kurup.com">Vinod Kurup</ulink></para>
</authorblurb>
<para>
If you are installing PostgreSQL instead of Oracle, skip this section.
</para>
<para>
OpenACS &version; will install with Oracle 9i but has not been extensively tested so may still have bugs or tuning issues. See <ulink url="http://www.piskorski.com/docs/oracle.html">Andrew Piskorski's Oracle 9i notes</ulink> for guidance.
</para>
<para>
This installation guide attempts to present all of the information necessary to complete an OpenACS installation. We try hard to make all of the steps possible in one pass, rather than having a step which amounts to "go away and develop a profound understanding of software X and then come back and, in 99% of all cases, type these two lines." The exception to our rule is Oracle production systems. This page describes a set of steps to get a working Oracle development server, but it is <emphasis role="strong">unsuitable for production systems</emphasis>. If you will be using OpenACS on Oracle in a production environment, you will experience many problems unless you develop a basic understanding of Oracle which is outside the scope of this document. T
</para>
<para>
This document assumes that you'll be installing Oracle on the same
box as AOLserver. For more details on a remote Oracle installation,
see Daryl Biberdorf's <ulink
url="http://openacs.org/new-file-storage/one-file?file_id=273">document</ulink>.
</para>
<para>
Useful links to find help on how to set up Oracle under Linux are:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para><ulink
url="https://www.dizwell.com/wordpress/technical-articles/oracle/">Dizwell
- on Oracle on Linux</ulink></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><ulink url="http://puschitz.com/">Werner Puschitz - Oracle on Red Hat Linux</ulink></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><ulink url="http://www.suse.com/us/business/certifications/certified_software/oracle/">SuSE/Oracle Support matrix</ulink></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect2 id="install-oracle-getit" xreflabel="Acquire Oracle">
<title>Acquire Oracle</title>
<para>
Production Oracle systems should run on certified platforms. Follow the
<ulink
url="http://metalink.oracle.com/metalink/plsql/ml2_documents.showDocument?p_database_id=NOT&p_id=223718.1">metalink
note 223718.1</ulink>to find certified platforms. If you don't have
metalink access, take a look at the Oracle on Linux FAQ: <ulink
url="http://www.orafaq.com/wiki/Linux_FAQ">Which
Linux Distributions Are Directly Supported By Oracle?</ulink>. In summary,
free and inexpensive Linux distributions are not certified.
</para>
<para>
You can download the Oracle software from the <ulink
url="https://www.oracle.com/downloads/index.html">
Oracle Downloads</ulink> page.
</para>
<para>
Each Oracle release comes with extensive and usually quite well-written
documentation. Your first step should be to thoroughly read the release
notes for your operating system and your Oracle version. Find the docs
here:</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink
url="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/documentation/oracle8i-085806.html">Oracle 8i
Release Documentation</ulink></para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink
url="https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B10501_01/server.920/a96531/ch4_doc.htm">Oracle 9i Release Documentation</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink
url="https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14214/chapter2.htm#g62359">Oracle
10g Release Documentation</ulink></para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para> It is generally useful to run a particular Oracle version with its
latest patchset. At the time of writing these were 8.1.7.4 and 9.2.0.5,
both of which are considered to be very stable.
</para>
<para>
To be able to download a patchset, you need a (to-pay-for) account on <ulink
url="http://metalink.oracle.com">Metalink</ulink>. You may find the appropriate
patchset by following <ulink
url="http://openacs.org/forums/message-view?message_id=33004">Andrew's
suggestion</ulink>.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-oracle-keepinmind">
<title>Things to Keep in Mind</title>
<para>
Oracle is very well-documented software, the <ulink
url="http://tahiti.oracle.com">online documentation</ulink> comes with
printable PDFs and full-text search. Altogether there is more than
20.000 pages of documentation, so do not expect to understand Oracle
within in a few hours. The best starting pointing into Oracle is the
Concepts book. Here's the <ulink
url="http://otn.oracle.com/pls/tahiti/tahiti.to_toc?pathname=server.817%2Fa76965%2Ftoc.htm&remark=docindex">8i
version</ulink> and the <ulink
url="http://otn.oracle.com/pls/db92/db92.to_toc?pathname=server.920%2Fa96524%2Ftoc.htm&remark=docindex">9.2
version</ulink>.
</para>
<para>
To give you an idea of how configurable Oracle is and how much thought
you may need to put into buying the proper hardware and creating a sane
setup, you should thoroughly read Cary Millsap's <ulink
url="http://www.miracleas.dk/BAARF/0.Millsap1996.08.21-VLDB.pdf">Configuring
Oracle Server for VLDB</ulink> and the <ulink
url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimal_Flexible_Architecture">Optimal
Flexible Architecture</ulink> standard.
</para>
<para>
Throughout these instructions, we will refer to a number of
configurable settings and advise certain defaults. With the exception
of passwords, we advise you to follow these defaults unless you know
what you are doing. Subsequent documents will expect that you used
the defaults, so a change made here will necessitate further changes
later. For a guide to the defaults, please see <xref
linkend="install-oracle-defaults"/>.
</para>
<para>
In order for OpenACS to work properly you need to set the environment
appropriately.
</para>
<programlisting>
export ORACLE_BASE=/ora8/m01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/8.1.7
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=ora8
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
umask 022</programlisting>
<programlisting>
open_cursors = 500</programlisting>
<programlisting>
nls_date_format = "YYYY-MM-DD"</programlisting>
<para>
For additional resources/documentation, please see this <ulink
url="http://openacs.org/forums/message-view?message_id=28829">thread</ulink>
and <ulink
url="http://openacs.org/forums/message-view?message_id=67108">Andrew
Piskorski's mini-guide</ulink>.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-oracle-preinstall">
<title>Pre-Installation Tasks</title>
<para>
Though Oracle 8.1.7 has an automated installer, we still need to
perform several manual, administrative tasks before we can launch
it. You must perform all of these steps as the
<computeroutput>root</computeroutput> user. We recommend entering the
X window system as a normal user and then doing a <computeroutput>su
-</computeroutput>. This command gives you full root access.
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Login as a non-root user and start X by typing
<computeroutput>startx</computeroutput>
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ startx</programlisting>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Open a terminal window type and login as root
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ su -
Password: ***********
[root ~]#</programlisting>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Create and setup the <computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput>
group and <computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput> account
</para>
<para>
We need to create a user <computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput>,
which is used to install the product, as well as starting and
stopping the database.
</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# groupadd dba
[root ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root ~]# groupadd oracle
[root ~]# useradd -g dba -G oinstall,oracle -m oracle
[root ~]# passwd oracle</programlisting>
<para>
You will be prompted for the New Password and Confirmation of
that password.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Setup the installation location for Oracle. While Oracle can
reside in a variety of places in the filesystem, OpenACS has
adopted <computeroutput>/ora8</computeroutput> as the base
directory.
</para>
<para>
<emphasis role="strong">Note:</emphasis> the Oracle install needs
about 1 GB free on <computeroutput>/ora8</computeroutput> to
install successfully.
</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# mkdir /ora8
root:/ora8# cd /ora8
root:/ora8# mkdir -p m01 m02 m03/oradata/ora8
root:/ora8# chown -R oracle.dba /ora8
root:/ora8# exit</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Set up the <computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput> user's
environment
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Log in as the user
<computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput> by typing the
following:
</para>
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ su - oracle
Password: ********</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Use a text editor to edit the
<computeroutput>.bash_profile</computeroutput> file in the
<computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput> account home
directory.
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ emacs .bash_profile</programlisting>
<para>
You may get this error trying to start emacs:
</para>
<programlisting>
Xlib: connection to ":0.0" refused by server
Xlib: Client is not authorized to connect to Server
emacs: Cannot connect to X server :0.
Check the DISPLAY environment variable or use `-d'.
Also use the `xhost' program to verify that it is set to permit
connections from your machine.</programlisting>
<para>
If so, open a new terminal window and do the following:
</para>
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ xhost +localhost</programlisting>
<para>
Now, back in the oracle terminal:
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0
[oracle ~]$ emacs .bash_profile</programlisting>
<para>
Try this procedure anytime you get an Xlib connection refused
error.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Add the following lines (substituting your
Oracle version number as needed) to
<computeroutput>.bash_profile</computeroutput>:
</para>
<programlisting>
export ORACLE_BASE=/ora8/m01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/8.1.7
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export ORACLE_SID=ora8
export ORACLE_TERM=vt100
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
umask 022</programlisting>
<para>
Save the file by typing <computeroutput>CTRL-X
CTRL-S</computeroutput> and then exit by typing
<computeroutput>CTRL-X
CTRL-C</computeroutput>. Alternatively, use the menus.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
Make sure that you do <emphasis role="strong">not</emphasis> add
any lines like the following
</para>
<programlisting>
# NLS_LANG=american
# export NLS_LANG</programlisting>
<para>
These lines will change the Oracle date settings and will break
OpenACS since OpenACS depends on the ANSI date format, YYYY-MM-DD
dates.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Log out as oracle
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ exit</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Log back in as <computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput> and double
check that your environment variables are as intended. The
<computeroutput>env</computeroutput> command lists all of the
variables that are set in your environment, and
<computeroutput>grep</computeroutput> shows you just the lines
you want (those with ORA in it).
</para>
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ su - oracle
[oracle ~]$ env | grep ORA</programlisting>
<para>
If it worked, you should see:
</para>
<programlisting>
ORACLE_SID=ora8
ORACLE_BASE=/ora8/m01/app/oracle
ORACLE_TERM=vt100
ORACLE_HOME=/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7
ORA_NLS33=/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/ocommon/nls/admin/data</programlisting>
<para>
If not, try adding the files to
<computeroutput>~/.bashrc</computeroutput> instead of
<computeroutput>.bash_profile</computeroutput>. Then logout and
log back in again. Also, be certain you are doing
<computeroutput>su - oracle</computeroutput> and not just
<computeroutput>su oracle</computeroutput>. The
<computeroutput>-</computeroutput> means that
<computeroutput>.bashrc</computeroutput> and
<computeroutput>.bash_profile</computeroutput> will be
evaluated.
</para>
<para>
Make sure that <computeroutput>/bin</computeroutput>,
<computeroutput>/usr/bin</computeroutput>, and
<computeroutput>/usr/local/bin</computeroutput> are in your path
by typing:
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ echo $PATH
/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/X11R6/bin:/home/oracle/bin:/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin</programlisting>
<para>
If they are not, then add them to the
<computeroutput>.bash_profile</computeroutput> by changing the
PATH statement above to
<computeroutput>PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin</computeroutput>
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-oracle-install">
<title>Installing Oracle 8.1.7 Server</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Log in as <computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput> and
start X if not already running. Start a new terminal:
</para>
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ xhost +localhost
[joeuser ~]$ su - oracle
Password: **********
[oracle ~]$ export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Find the <computeroutput>runInstaller</computeroutput> script
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
If you are installing Oracle from a CD-ROM, it is located in
the <computeroutput>install/linux</computeroutput> path from
the cd-rom mount point
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ su - root
[root ~]# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
[root ~]# exit
[oracle ~]$ cd /mnt/cdrom</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
If you are installing from the tarball, the install script is
located in the <computeroutput>Oracle8iR2</computeroutput>
directory that was created when you expanded the archive.
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ cd /where/oracle/Disk1</programlisting>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
Check to make sure the file is there.
</para>
<programlisting>
oracle:/where/oracle/Disk1$ ls
doc index.htm install runInstaller stage starterdb</programlisting>
<para>
If you don't see
<computeroutput>runInstaller</computeroutput>, you are in the
wrong directory.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Run the installer
</para>
<programlisting>
oracle:/where/oracle/Disk1$ ./runInstaller</programlisting>
<para>
A window will open that welcomes you to the 'Oracle Universal
Installer' (OUI). Click on
"<computeroutput>Next</computeroutput>"
</para>
<note>
<para>
Some people have had trouble with this step on RedHat 7.3 and 8.0. If
so, try the following steps before calling
<command>./runInstaller</command>:
</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Execute the following command:
<command>/usr/i386-glibc21-linux/bin/i386-glibc21-linux-env.sh</command>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Type <command>export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.2.5</command>
</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</note>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "File Locations" screen in the OUI:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
"Source" path should have been
prefilled with "(wherever you mounted the
CDROM)<computeroutput>/stage/products.jar</computeroutput>"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
"destination" path says
"<computeroutput>/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7</computeroutput>"
</para>
<para>
If the destination is not correct it is because your
environment variables are not set properly. Make sure you
logged on as <computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput> using
<computeroutput>su - oracle</computeroutput>. If so, edit the
<computeroutput>~/.bash_profile</computeroutput> as you
did in <xref linkend="install-oracle-preinstall"/>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next" (a pop up window will display Loading
Product information).
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Unix Group Name" screen in the OUI:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
The Unix Group name needs to be set to
'<computeroutput>oinstall</computeroutput>' ( we made
this Unix group earlier ).
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
A popup window appears instantly, requesting you
to run a script as root:
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Debian users need to link
<computeroutput>/bin/awk</computeroutput> to
<computeroutput>/usr/bin/awk</computeroutput> before
running the script below
</para>
<programlisting>
[joueser ~]$ su -
[root ~]# ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk</programlisting>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Open a new terminal window, then type:
</para>
<programlisting>[joeuser ~]$ su -
[root ~]# cd /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7
[root ~]# ./orainstRoot.sh
; You should see:
Creating Oracle Inventory pointer file (/etc/oraInst.loc)
Changing groupname of /ora8/m01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
[root ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/java
[root ~]# exit
[joeuser ~]$ exit</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Retry"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The "Available Products" screen in the OUI:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Select "Oracle 8i Enterprise Edition 8.1.7.1.0"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The "Installation Types" screen
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Select the "Custom" installation type.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Available Product Components" screen
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
In addition to the defaults, make sure that "Oracle SQLJ
8.1.7.0," "Oracle Protocol Support 8.1.7.0.0," and
"Linux Documentation 8.1.7.0.0" are also checked.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
A progress bar will appear for about 1 minute.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Component Locations" screen in the OUI
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Click on the "Java Runtime Environment 1.1.8" It
should have the path
"<computeroutput>/ora8/m01/app/oracle/jre/1.1.8</computeroutput>"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
A progress bar will appear for about 1 minute.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Privileged Operation System Groups" screen in the
OUI
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Enter "dba" for "Database Administrator
(OSDBA) Group"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Enter "dba" for the "Database Operator
(OSOPER) Group"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
A progress bar will appear for about 1 minute.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Authentication Methods" screen
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The next screen is "Choose JDK home directory"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Keep the default path: <computeroutput>/usr/local/java</computeroutput>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Create a Database" screen in the OUI
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Select "No" as we will do this later, after some
important configuration changes.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The next screen is "Oracle Product Support"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
TCP should be checked with "Status" listed as
Required
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Summary" screen in the OUI
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Check the "Space Requirements" section to verify
you have enough disk space for the install.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Check that "(144 products)" is in the "New
Installations" section title.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Install"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
A progress bar will appear for about 20 - 30 minutes. Now is a
good time to take a break.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
A "Setup Privileges" window will popup towards the
end of the installation asking you to run a script as
<computeroutput>root</computeroutput>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Run the script. Switch to the oracle user first
to set the environment appropriately and then do
<command>su</command> to get root privileges, while keeping
the oracle user's environment.
</para>
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ su - oracle
Password: *********
[oracle ~]$ su
Password: *********
[root ~]# /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/root.sh
; You should see the following.
Creating Oracle Inventory pointer file (/etc/oraInst.loc)
Changing groupname of /ora8/m01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
# /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/root.sh
Running Oracle8 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7
ORACLE_SID= ora8
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
<computeroutput>Press ENTER here to accept default of /usr/local/bin</computeroutput>
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entry will be added to the /etc/oratab file by
Database Configuration Assistants when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Please delete any log and trace files previously
created by the Oracle Enterprise Manager Intelligent
Agent. These files may be found in the directories
you use for storing other Net8 log and trace files.
If such files exist, the OEM IA may not restart.</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Do not follow the instructions on deleting trace
and log files, it is not necessary.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# exit
[joeuser ~]$ exit</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Go back to the pop-up window and click "OK"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Configuration Tools" screen in the OUI
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
This window displays the config tools that will automatically
be launched.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Welcome" screen in the "net 8 Configuration
Assistant"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Make sure the "Perform Typical installation" is
<emphasis role="strong">not</emphasis> selected.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Directory Service Access" screen in the
"Net 8 Configuration Assistant"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Select "No"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Listener Configuration, Listener Name" screen in
the "Net 8 Configuration Assistant"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Accept the default listener name of "LISTENER"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Listener Configuration, Select
Protocols" screen in the "Net 8 Configuration
Assistant"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
The only choice in "Select protocols:" should be
"TCP/IP"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Listener Configuration TCP/IP Protocol" screen in
the "Net 8 Configuration Assistant"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Default Port should be 1521 and selected.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Listener Configuration, More Listeners" screen in
the "Net 8 Configuration Assistant"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Select "No"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Listener Configuration Done" screen in the
"Net 8 Configuration Assistant"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Naming Methods Configuration" screen
in the "Net 8 Configuration Assistant"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Select "No"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Done" screen in the "Net 8 Configuration
Assistant"
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Click "Finish"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "End of Installation" screen in the OUI
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Click "Exit"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Yes" on the confirmation pop up window.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
The Oracle Universal Installer window should have disappeared!
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
Congratulations, you have just installed Oracle 8.1.7 Server!
However, you still need to create a database which can take about an
hour of noninteractive time, so don't quit yet.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-oracle-create">
<title>Creating the First Database</title>
<para>
This step will take you through the steps of creating a customized
database. Be warned that this process takes about an hour on a
Pentium II with 128 MB of RAM.
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Make sure you are running X. Open up a terminal and
<computeroutput>su</computeroutput> to oracle and then run the
<computeroutput>dbassist</computeroutput> program.
</para>
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ xhost +localhost
[joeuser ~]$ su - oracle
Password: *********
[oracle ~]$ export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0
[oracle ~]$ dbassist</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Welcome" screen in the Oracle Database
Configuration Agent (ODCA)
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Select "Create a database"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Select database type" screen in the ODCA
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Select "Custom"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "Primary Database Type" window in ODCA
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Select "Multipurpose"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
The "concurrent users" screen of the ODCA
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Select "60" concurrent users.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click "Next"
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Select "<computeroutput>Dedicated Server
Mode</computeroutput>", click
"<computeroutput>Next</computeroutput>"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Accept all of the options, and click
<computeroutput>Next</computeroutput> Oracle Visual
Information Retrieval may be grayed out. If so, you can ignore
it; just make sure that everything else is checked.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
For "Global Database Name", enter
"<computeroutput>ora8</computeroutput>"; for
"SID", also enter
"<computeroutput>ora8</computeroutput>" (it should do
this automatically). Click <computeroutput>"Change
Character Set</computeroutput> and select
<computeroutput>UTF8</computeroutput>. Click
"<computeroutput>Next</computeroutput>".
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Accept the defaults for the next screen (control file
location). Click
"<computeroutput>Next</computeroutput>"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Go to the "temporary" and
"rollback" tabs, and change the Size
(upper-right text box) to
<computeroutput>150</computeroutput>MB. Click
"<computeroutput>Next</computeroutput>"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Increase the redo log sizes to
<computeroutput>10000K</computeroutput> each. Click
"<computeroutput>Next</computeroutput>"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Use the default checkpoint interval & timeout. Click
"<computeroutput>Next</computeroutput>"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Increase "<computeroutput>Processes</computeroutput>"
to <computeroutput>100</computeroutput>;
"<computeroutput>Block Size</computeroutput>" to
<computeroutput>4096</computeroutput> (better for small Linux
boxes; use 8192 for a big Solaris machine).
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Accept the defaults for the Trace File Directory. Click
"<computeroutput>Next</computeroutput>"
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Finally, select "<computeroutput>Save information to a shell
script</computeroutput>" and click
"<computeroutput>Finish</computeroutput>" (We're
going to examine the contents of this file before creating our
database.)
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Click the "<computeroutput>Save</computeroutput>"
button. Oracle will automatically save it to the correct
directory and with the correct filename. This will likely be
<computeroutput>/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/assistants/dbca/jlib/sqlora8.sh</computeroutput>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
It will alert you that the script has been saved
successfully.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Now we need to customize the database configuration a bit. While
still logged on as <computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput>, edit
the database initialization script (run when the db loads). The
scripts are kept in
<computeroutput>$ORACLE_HOME/dbs</computeroutput> and the name of
the script is usually
<computeroutput>init</computeroutput><emphasis>SID</emphasis><computeroutput>.ora</computeroutput>
where <emphasis>SID</emphasis> is the SID of your
database. Assuming your
<computeroutput>$ORACLE_HOME</computeroutput> matches our default
of
<computeroutput>/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7</computeroutput>,
the following will open the file for editing.
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ emacs /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/dbs/initora8.ora</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Add the following line to the end:
</para>
<programlisting>
nls_date_format = "YYYY-MM-DD"</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Now find the <computeroutput>open_cursors</computeroutput> line
in the file. If you're using
<computeroutput>emacs</computeroutput> scroll up to the top of
the buffer and do <computeroutput>CTRL-S</computeroutput> and
type <computeroutput>open_cursors</computeroutput> to find the
line. The default is <computeroutput>100</computeroutput>. Change
it to <computeroutput>500</computeroutput>.
</para>
<programlisting>
open_cursors = 500</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Save the file. In emacs, do <computeroutput>CTRL-X
CTRL-S</computeroutput> to save followed by
<computeroutput>CTRL-X CTRL-C</computeroutput> to exit or use
the menu.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
At this point, you are ready to initiate database creation. We
recommend shutting down X to free up some RAM unless you have 256
MB of RAM or more. You can do this quickly by doing a
<computeroutput>CRTL-ALT-BACKSPACE</computeroutput>, but make
sure you have saved any files you were editing. You should now be
returned to a text shell prompt. If you get sent to a graphical
login screen instead, switch to a virtual console by doing
<computeroutput>CRTL-ALT-F1</computeroutput>. Then login as
<computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput>.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Change to the directory where the database creation script is and
run it:
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ cd /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/assistants/dbca/jlib
oracle:/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/assistants/dbca/jlib$ ./sqlora8.sh</programlisting>
<para>
In some instances, Oracle will save the file to
<computeroutput>/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/assistants/dbca</computeroutput>
Try running the script there if your first attempt does not
succeed.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
Your database will now be built. It will take > 1 hour - no
fooling. You will see lots of errors scroll by (like:
"ORA-01432: public synonym to be dropped does not
exist") Fear not, this is normal.
</para>
<para>
Eventually, you'll be returned to your shell prompt. In the
meantime, relax, you've earned it.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="istall-oracle-test">
<title>Acceptance Test</title>
<para>
For this step, open up a terminal and
<computeroutput>su</computeroutput> to
<computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput> as usual. You should be
running X and Netscape (or other web browser) for this phase.
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
You need to download the "Oracle Acceptance Test" file.
It's available <ulink
url="files/acceptance-sql.txt">here</ulink> and at <ulink
url="http://philip.greenspun.com/wtr/oracle/acceptance-sql.txt">http://philip.greenspun.com/wtr/oracle/acceptance-sql.txt</ulink>.
Save the file to <computeroutput>/var/tmp</computeroutput>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
In the oracle shell, copy the file.
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ cp /var/tmp/acceptance-sql.txt /var/tmp/acceptance.sql</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Once you've got the acceptance test file all set, stay in
your term and type the following:
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ sqlplus system/manager</programlisting>
<para>
SQL*Plus should startup. If you get an <computeroutput>ORA-01034:
Oracle not Available</computeroutput> error, it is because your
Oracle instance is not running. You can manually start it as
the <computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput> user.</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ svrmgrl
SVRMGR> connect internal
SVRMGR> startup</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Now that you're into SQL*Plus, change the default passwords
for system, sys, and ctxsys to "alexisahunk" (or to
something you'll remember):
</para>
<programlisting>
SQL> alter user system identified by alexisahunk;
SQL> alter user sys identified by alexisahunk;
SQL> alter user ctxsys identified by alexisahunk;</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Verify that your date settings are correct.
</para>
<programlisting>
SQL> select sysdate from dual;</programlisting>
<para>
If you don't see a date that fits the format
<computeroutput>YYYY-MM-DD</computeroutput>, please read <xref
linkend="install-oracle-troubleshooting"/>.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
At this point we are going to hammer your database with an
intense acceptance test. This usually takes around 30 minutes.
</para>
<programlisting>
SQL> @ /var/tmp/acceptance.sql
; A bunch of lines will scroll by. You'll know if the test worked if
; you see this at the end:
SYSDATE
----------
2000-06-10
SQL></programlisting>
<para>
Many people encounter an error regarding <computeroutput>maximum
key length</computeroutput>:
</para>
<programlisting>
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01450: maximum key length (758) exceeded</programlisting>
<para>
This error occurs if your database block size is wrong and is
usually suffered by people trying to load OpenACS into a
pre-existing database. Unfortunately, the only solution is to
create a new database with a block size of at least
<computeroutput>4096</computeroutput>. For instructions on how to
do this, see <xref linkend="install-oracle-create"/> above. You
can set the parameter using the
<computeroutput>dbassist</computeroutput> program or by setting
the <computeroutput>DB_BLOCK_SIZE</computeroutput> parameter in
your database's creation script.
</para>
<para>
If there were no errors, then consider yourself fortunate. Your
Oracle installation is working.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-oracle-automating">
<title>Automating Startup & Shutdown</title>
<para>
You will want to automate the database startup and shutdown process.
It's probably best to have Oracle spring to life when you boot up
your machine.
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Oracle includes a script called
<computeroutput>dbstart</computeroutput> that can be used to
automatically start the database. Unfortunately, the script
shipped in the Linux distribution does not work out of the
box. The fix is simple. Follow these directions to apply
it. First, save <ulink url="files/dbstart.txt">dbstart</ulink> to
<computeroutput>/var/tmp</computeroutput>. Then, as
<computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput>, do the following:
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ cp /var/tmp/dbstart.txt /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/dbstart
[oracle ~]$ chmod 755 /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/dbstart</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
While you're logged in as
<computeroutput>oracle</computeroutput>, you should configure the
<computeroutput>oratab</computeroutput> file to load your
database at start. Edit the file
<computeroutput>/etc/oratab</computeroutput>:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>You will see this line. </para>
<programlisting>
ora8:/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7:N</programlisting>
<para>
By the way, if you changed the service name or have multiple
databases, the format of this file is:
</para>
<para>
<emphasis><computeroutput>service_name:$ORACLE_HOME:Y || N
(for autoload)</computeroutput></emphasis>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Change the last letter from "N" to
"Y". This tells Oracle that you want the database
to start when the machine boots. It should look like this.
</para>
<programlisting>
ora8:/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7:Y</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Save the file & quit the terminal.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
You need a script to automate startup and shutdown. Save <ulink
url="files/oracle8i.txt">oracle8i.txt</ulink> in
<computeroutput>/var/tmp</computeroutput>. Then login as
<computeroutput>root</computeroutput> and install the
script. (Debian users: substitute
<computeroutput>/etc/init.d</computeroutput> for
<computeroutput>/etc/rc.d/init.d</computeroutput> throughout
this section)
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ su -
[root ~]# cp /var/tmp/oracle8i.txt /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i
[root ~]# chown root.root /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i
[root ~]# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Test the script by typing the following commands and checking the
output. (Debian Users: as root, do <computeroutput>mkdir
/var/lock/subsys</computeroutput> first)
</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i stop
Oracle 8i auto start/stop
Shutting Oracle8i:
Oracle Server Manager Release 3.1.7.0.0 - Production
Copyright (c) 1997, 1999, Oracle Corporation. All
Rights Reserved.
Oracle8i Enterprise Edition Release 8.1.7.0.1 -
Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 8.1.7.0.1 - Production
SVRMGR> Connected.
SVRMGR> Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SVRMGR>
Server Manager complete.
Database "ora8" shut down.
[root ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i start
Oracle 8i auto start/stop
Starting Oracle8i:
SQL*Plus: Release 8.1.7.0.0 - Production on Wed Mar 6 17:56:02 2002
(c) Copyright 2000 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
SQL> Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 84713632 bytes
Fixed Size 73888 bytes
Variable Size 76079104 bytes
Database Buffers 8388608 bytes
Redo Buffers 172032 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> Disconnected
Database "ora8" warm started.
Database "ora8" warm started.</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
If it worked, then run these commands to make the startup and
shutdown automatic.
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>Red Hat users:</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/
[root ~]# chkconfig --add oracle8i
[root ~]# chkconfig --list oracle8i
; You should see:
oracle8i 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Debian users:</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# update-rc.d oracle8i defaults
Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/oracle8i ...
/etc/rc0.d/K20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i
/etc/rc1.d/K20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i
/etc/rc6.d/K20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i
/etc/rc2.d/S20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i
/etc/rc3.d/S20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i
/etc/rc4.d/S20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i
/etc/rc5.d/S20oracle8i -> ../init.d/oracle8i</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>SuSE users:</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i K20oracle8i
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# ln -s /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle8i S20oracle8i
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp K20oracle8i rc0.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp S20oracle8i rc0.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp K20oracle8i rc1.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp S20oracle8i rc1.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp K20oracle8i rc6.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp S20oracle8i rc6.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp K20oracle8i rc2.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp S20oracle8i rc2.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp K20oracle8i rc3.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp S20oracle8i rc3.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp K20oracle8i rc4.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp S20oracle8i rc4.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp K20oracle8i rc5.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cp S20oracle8i rc5.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# rm K20oracle8i
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# rm S20oracle8i
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# cd
[root ~]# SuSEconfig
Started the SuSE-Configuration Tool.
Running in full featured mode.
Reading /etc/rc.config and updating the system...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.gdm...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.gnprint...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.groff...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.java...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.kdm...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.pcmcia...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.perl...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.postfix...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.sendmail...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.susehilf...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.susehilf.add...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.susewm...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.tetex...
Executing /sbin/conf.d/SuSEconfig.ypclient...
Processing index files of all manpages...
Finished.</programlisting>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
You also need some scripts to automate startup and shutdown of
the Oracle8i listener. The listener is a name server that allows
your Oracle programs to talk to local and remote databases using
a standard naming convention. It is required for Intermedia Text
and full site search.
</para>
<para>
Download these three scripts into
<computeroutput>/var/tmp</computeroutput>
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
<ulink url="files/startlsnr.txt">startlsnr.txt</ulink>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<ulink url="files/stoplsnr.txt">stoplsnr.txt</ulink>
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<ulink url="files/listener8i.txt">listener8i.txt</ulink>
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
Now issue the following commands (still as
<computeroutput>root</computeroutput>).
</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# su - oracle
[oracle ~]$ cp /var/tmp/startlsnr.txt /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/startlsnr
[oracle ~]$ cp /var/tmp/stoplsnr.txt /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/stoplsnr
[oracle ~]$ chmod 755 /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/startlsnr
[oracle ~]$ chmod 755 /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/stoplsnr
[oracle ~]$ exit
[root ~]# cp /var/tmp/listener8i.txt /etc/rc.d/init.d/listener8i
[root ~]# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# chmod 755 listener8i</programlisting>
<para>
Test the listener automation by running the following commands
and checking the output.
</para>
<programlisting>
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# ./listener8i stop
Oracle 8i listener start/stop
Shutting down Listener for 8i:
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 8.1.7.0.0 - Production on 06-MAR-2002 18:28:49
(c) Copyright 1998, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# ./listener8i start
Oracle 8i listener start/stop
Starting the Listener for 8i:
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 8.1.7.0.0 - Production on 06-MAR-2002 18:28:52
(c) Copyright 1998, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Starting /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 8.1.7.0.0 - Production
System parameter file is /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/network/log/listener.log
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 8.1.7.0.0 - Production
Start Date 06-MAR-2002 18:28:53
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security OFF
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/network/log/listener.log
Services Summary...
PLSExtProc has 1 service handler(s)
ora8 has 1 service handler(s)
The command completed successfully</programlisting>
<para>
This test will verify that the listener is operating
normally. Login into the database using the listener naming
convention.
</para>
<para>
<computeroutput>sqlplus</computeroutput>
<emphasis><computeroutput>username/password/@SID</computeroutput></emphasis>
</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# su - oracle
[oracle ~]$ sqlplus system/alexisahunk@ora8
SQL> select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
----------
2002-02-22
SQL> exit
[oracle ~]$ exit
[root ~]#</programlisting>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>RedHat users:</para>
<para>
Now run <computeroutput>chkconfig</computeroutput> on the
<computeroutput>listener8i</computeroutput> script.
</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# chkconfig --add listener8i
root:/etc/rc.d/init.d# chkconfig --list listener8i
listener8i 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>Debian users:</para>
<para>
Now run <computeroutput>update-rc.d</computeroutput> on the
<computeroutput>listener8i</computeroutput> script.
</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# update-rc.d listener8i defaults 21 19
Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/listener8i ...
/etc/rc0.d/K19listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i
/etc/rc1.d/K19listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i
/etc/rc6.d/K19listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i
/etc/rc2.d/S21listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i
/etc/rc3.d/S21listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i
/etc/rc4.d/S21listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i
/etc/rc5.d/S21listener8i -> ../init.d/listener8i</programlisting>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
Test the automation
</para>
<para>
As a final test, reboot your computer and make sure Oracle comes
up. You can do this by typing
</para>
<programlisting>
[root ~]# /sbin/shutdown -r -t 0 now</programlisting>
<para>
Log back in and ensure that Oracle started automatically.
</para>
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ su - oracle
[oracle ~]$ sqlplus system/alexisahunk@ora8
SQL> exit</programlisting>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
Congratulations, your installation of Oracle 8.1.7 is
complete.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-oracle-troubleshooting">
<title>Troubleshooting Oracle Dates</title>
<para>
Oracle has an internal representation for storing the data based on
the number of seconds elapsed since some date. However, for the
purposes of inputing dates into Oracle and getting them back out,
Oracle needs to be told to use a specific date format. By default, it
uses an Oracle-specific format which isn't copacetic. You want
Oracle to use the ANSI-compliant date format which is of form
<computeroutput>'YYYY-MM-DD'</computeroutput>.
</para>
<para>
To fix this, you should include the following line in
<computeroutput>$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init</computeroutput><emphasis>SID</emphasis><computeroutput>.ora</computeroutput>
or for the default case,
<computeroutput>$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initora8.ora</computeroutput>
</para>
<programlisting>
nls_date_format = "YYYY-MM-DD"</programlisting>
<para>
You test whether this solved the problem by firing up
<computeroutput>sqlplus</computeroutput> and typing:
</para>
<programlisting>
SQL> select sysdate from dual;</programlisting>
<para>
You should see back a date like
<computeroutput>2000-06-02</computeroutput>. If some of the date is
chopped off, i.e. like <computeroutput>2000-06-0</computeroutput>,
everything is still fine. The problem here is that
<computeroutput>sqlplus</computeroutput> is simply truncating the
output. You can fix this by typing:
</para>
<programlisting>
SQL> column sysdate format a15
SQL> select sysdate from dual;</programlisting>
<para>
If the date does not conform to this format, double-check that you
included the necessary line in the init scripts. If it still
isn't working, make sure that you have restarted the database
since adding the line:
</para>
<programlisting>
[joeuser ~]$ svrmgrl
SVRMGR> connect internal
Connected.
SVRMGR> shutdown
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SVRMGR> startup
ORACLE instance started.</programlisting>
<para>
If you're sure that you have restarted the database since adding
the line, check your initialization scripts. Make sure that the
following line is not included:
</para>
<programlisting>
export nls_lang = american</programlisting>
<para>
Setting this environment variable will override the date
setting. Either delete this line and login again or add the following
entry to your login scripts <emphasis>after</emphasis> the
<computeroutput>nls_lang</computeroutput> line:
</para>
<programlisting>
export nls_date_format = 'YYYY-MM-DD'</programlisting>
<para>
Log back in again. If adding the
<computeroutput>nls_date_format</computeroutput> line doesn't
help, you can ask for advice in our <ulink
url="http://www.openacs.org/forums/">OpenACS forums</ulink>.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-oracle-procs">
<title>Useful Procedures</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Dropping a tablespace
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
Run sqlplus as the dba:
</para>
<programlisting>
[oracle ~]$ sqlplus system/changeme</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
To drop a user and all of the tables and data owned by that
user:
</para>
<programlisting>
SQL> drop user <emphasis>oracle_user_name</emphasis> cascade;</programlisting>
</listitem>
<listitem><para>
To drop the tablespace: This will delete everything in the
tablespace overriding any referential integrity
constraints. Run this command only if you want to clean out
your database entirely.
</para>
<programlisting>
SQL> drop tablespace <emphasis>table_space_name</emphasis> including contents cascade constraints;</programlisting>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
For more information on Oracle, please consult the <ulink
url="https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/">documentation</ulink>.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="oracle-next-steps">
<title>Oracle Next Steps</title>
<para><xref linkend="install-oracle-monitoring"/></para>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="install-oracle-defaults">
<title>Defaults</title>
<para>We used the following defaults while installing Oracle.</para>
<informaltable>
<tgroup cols="3">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>Variable</entry>
<entry>Value</entry>
<entry>Reason</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>ORACLE_HOME</entry>
<entry>/ora8/m01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7</entry>
<entry>This is the default Oracle installation directory.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ORACLE_SERVICE</entry>
<entry>ora8</entry>
<entry>The service name is a domain-qualified identifier for
your Oracle server.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ORACLE_SID</entry>
<entry>ora8</entry>
<entry>This is an identifier for your Oracle server.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ORACLE_OWNER</entry>
<entry>oracle</entry>
<entry>The user who owns all of the oracle files.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ORACLE_GROUP</entry>
<entry>dba</entry>
<entry>The special oracle group. Users in the dba group are
authorized to do a <computeroutput>connect
internal</computeroutput> within
<computeroutput>svrmgrl</computeroutput> to gain full system
access to the Oracle system.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</informaltable>
<para><phrase role="cvstag">($Id: oracle.xml,v 1.24 2024/09/11 06:15:47 gustafn Exp $)</phrase></para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
