--
-- acs-kernel/sql/community-core-create.sql
--
-- Abstractions fundamental to any online community (or information
-- system, in general), derived in large part from the ACS 3.x
-- community-core data model by Philip Greenspun (philg@mit.edu), from
-- the ACS 3.x user-groups data model by Tracy Adams (teadams@mit.edu)
-- from Chapter 3 (The Enterprise and Its World) of David Hay's
-- book _Data_Model_Patterns_, and from Chapter 2 (Accountability)
-- of Martin Fowler's book _Analysis_Patterns_.
--
-- @author Michael Yoon (michael@arsdigita.com)
-- @author Rafael Schloming (rhs@mit.edu)
-- @author Jon Salz (jsalz@mit.edu)
--
-- @creation-date 2000-05-18
--
-- @cvs-id $Id: community-core-create.sql,v 1.31 2024/09/11 06:15:48 gustafn Exp $
--
-- HIGH PRIORITY:
--
-- * What can subtypes add to the specification of supertype
-- attributes? Extra constraints like "not null"? What about
-- "storage"? Can a subtype override how a given attribute is
-- stored?
--
-- * Can we realistically revoke INSERT and UPDATE permission on the
-- tables (users, persons, etc.) and make people use the PL/SQL API?
-- One downside is that it would then be difficult or impossible to
-- do things like "update ... set ... where ..." directly, without
-- creating a PL/SQL procedure to do it.
--
-- * Figure out how to migrate from ACS 3.x users, user_groups,
-- user_group_types, etc. to ACS 4.0 objects/parties/users/organizations;
-- also need to consider general_* and site_wide_* tables
-- (Rafi and Luke)
--
-- * Take an inventory of acs-kernel tables and other objects (some of which
-- may still be in /www/doc/sql/) and create their ACS 4 analogs, including
-- mapping over all general_* and site_wide_* data models, and make
-- appropriate adjustments to code
-- (Rafi and Yon/Luke/?).
--
-- * Create magic users: system and anonymous (do we actually need these?)
--
-- * Define and implement APIs
--
-- * Figure out user classes, e.g., treat "the set of parties that
-- have relationship X to object Y" as a party in its own right
--
-- * Explain why acs_rel_types, acs_rel_rules, and acs_rels are not
-- merely replicating the functionality of a relational database.
--
-- * acs_attribute_type should impose some rules on the min_n_values
-- and max_n_values columns of acs_attributes, e.g., it doesn't
-- really make sense for a boolean attribute to have more than
-- one value
--
-- * Add support for default values to acs_attributes.
--
-- * Add support for instance-specific attributes (e.g.,
-- user_group_member_fields)
--
-- MEDIUM PRIORITY:
--
-- * Read-only attributes?
--
-- * Do we need to store metadata about enumerations and valid ranges
-- or should we query the Oracle data dictionary for info on check
-- constraints?
--
-- * Create a "user_group_type" (an object_type with "organization"
-- as its supertype (do we need this?)
--
-- * Add in ancestor permission view, assuming that we'll use a
-- magical rel_type: "acs_acl"?
--
-- * How do we get all attribute values for objects of a specific
-- type? "We probably want some convention or standard way for
-- providing a view that joins supertypes and a type. This could
-- be automatically generated through metadata, or it could simply
-- be a convention." - Rafi
--
-- LOW PRIORITY:
--
-- * Formalize Rafi's definition of an "object": "A collection of rows
-- identified by an object ID for which we maintain metadata" or
-- something like that.
--
-- * "We definitely need some standard way of extending a supertype into
-- a subtype, and 'deleting' a subtype into a supertype. This will be
-- needed when we want to transform a 'person' into a registered
-- user, and do 'nuke user' but keep around the user's contributed
-- content and associate it with the 'person' part of that user. This
-- actually works quite nicely with standard oracle inheritance since
-- you can just insert or delete a row in the subtype table and
-- mutate the object type." - Rafi
--
-- ACS 4.1:
--
-- * Figure out what to do with pretty names (message catalog)
--
-- COMPLETED:
--
-- * Create magic parties: all_users (or just use null party_id?)
-- and registered_users
--
-- * Test out relationship attributes (making "relationship" an
-- acs_object_type)
--
-- * Create magic object_types (object, party, person, user,
-- organization) including attrs and rels
--
-- * Create constraints for creation_user and modifying_user
--
-- procedure inline_0/0
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION inline_0(
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
attr_id acs_attributes.attribute_id%TYPE;
BEGIN
--
-- Party: the supertype of person and organization
--
PERFORM acs_object_type__create_type (
'party',
'Party',
'Parties',
'acs_object',
'parties',
'party_id',
'party',
'f',
null,
'party__name'
);
attr_id := acs_attribute__create_attribute (
'party',
'email',
'string',
'Email Address',
'Email Addresses',
null,
null,
null,
0,
1,
null,
'type_specific',
'f'
);
attr_id := acs_attribute__create_attribute (
'party',
'url',
'string',
'URL',
'URLs',
null,
null,
null,
0,
1,
null,
'type_specific',
'f'
);
--
-- Person: the supertype of user
--
attr_id := acs_object_type__create_type (
'person',
'Person',
'People',
'party',
'persons',
'person_id',
'person',
'f',
null,
'person__name'
);
attr_id := acs_attribute__create_attribute (
'person',
'first_names',
'string',
'First Names',
'First Names',
null,
null,
null,
0,
1,
null,
'type_specific',
'f'
);
attr_id := acs_attribute__create_attribute (
'person',
'last_name',
'string',
'Last Name',
'Last Names',
null,
null,
null,
0,
1,
null,
'type_specific',
'f'
);
--
-- User: people who have registered in the system
--
attr_id := acs_object_type__create_type (
'user',
'User',
'Users',
'person',
'users',
'user_id',
'acs_user',
'f',
null,
null
);
attr_id := acs_attribute__create_attribute (
'user',
'username',
'string',
'Username',
'Usernames',
null,
null,
null,
0,
1,
null,
'type_specific',
'f'
);
attr_id := acs_attribute__create_attribute (
'user',
'screen_name',
'string',
'Screen Name',
'Screen Names',
null,
null,
null,
0,
1,
null,
'type_specific',
'f'
);
attr_id := acs_attribute__create_attribute (
'person',
'bio',
'string',
'Biography',
'Biographies',
null,
null,
null,
0,
1,
null,
'type_specific',
'f'
);
return 0;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
select inline_0 ();
drop function inline_0 ();
-- show errors
-- ******************************************************************
-- * OPERATIONAL LEVEL
-- ******************************************************************
create table parties (
party_id integer not null
constraint parties_party_id_fk references
acs_objects (object_id)
constraint parties_party_id_pk primary key,
email varchar(100)
constraint parties_email_un unique,
url varchar(200)
);
create index parties_email_lower_idx on parties(lower(email));
comment on table parties is '
Party is the supertype of person and organization. It exists because
many other types of object can have relationships to parties.
';
comment on column parties.url is '
We store url here so that we can always make party names hyperlinks
without joining to any other table.
';
-------------------
-- PARTY PACKAGE --
-------------------
-- added
select define_function_args('party__new','party_id;null,object_type;party,creation_date;now(),creation_user;null,creation_ip;null,email,url;null,context_id;null');
--
-- procedure party__new/8
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION party__new(
new__party_id integer, -- default null
new__object_type varchar, -- default 'party'
new__creation_date timestamptz, -- default now()
new__creation_user integer, -- default null
new__creation_ip varchar, -- default null
new__email varchar,
new__url varchar, -- default null
new__context_id integer -- default null
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
v_party_id parties.party_id%TYPE;
BEGIN
v_party_id :=
acs_object__new(new__party_id, new__object_type, new__creation_date,
new__creation_user, new__creation_ip, new__context_id,
't', new__email, null);
insert into parties
(party_id, email, url)
values
(v_party_id, lower(new__email), new__url);
return v_party_id;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
-- added
select define_function_args('party__delete','party_id');
--
-- procedure party__delete/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION party__delete(
party_id integer
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
PERFORM acs_object__delete(party_id);
return 0;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
-- added
select define_function_args('party__name','party_id');
--
-- procedure party__name/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION party__name(
party_id integer
) RETURNS varchar AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
if party_id = -1 then
return 'The Public';
else
return null;
end if;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql immutable strict;
-- added
select define_function_args('party__email','party_id');
--
-- procedure party__email/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION party__email(
email__party_id integer
) RETURNS varchar AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
return email from parties where party_id = email__party_id;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql stable strict;
-- show errors
-------------
-- PERSONS --
-------------
create table persons (
person_id integer not null
constraint persons_person_id_fk
references parties (party_id)
constraint persons_person_id_pk primary key,
first_names varchar(100) not null,
last_name varchar(100) not null,
bio text
);
comment on table persons is '
Need to handle titles like Mr., Ms., Mrs., Dr., etc. and suffixes
like M.D., Ph.D., Jr., Sr., III, IV, etc.
';
--------------------
-- PERSON PACKAGE --
--------------------
-- create or replace package person
-- as
--
-- function new (
-- person_id in persons.person_id%TYPE default null,
-- object_type in acs_objects.object_type%TYPE
-- default 'person',
-- creation_date in acs_objects.creation_date%TYPE
-- default sysdate,
-- creation_user in acs_objects.creation_user%TYPE
-- default null,
-- creation_ip in acs_objects.creation_ip%TYPE default null,
-- email in parties.email%TYPE,
-- url in parties.url%TYPE default null,
-- first_names in persons.first_names%TYPE,
-- last_name in persons.last_name%TYPE,
-- context_id in acs_objects.context_id%TYPE default null
-- ) return persons.person_id%TYPE;
--
-- procedure delete (
-- person_id in persons.person_id%TYPE
-- );
--
-- function name (
-- person_id in persons.person_id%TYPE
-- ) return varchar2;
--
-- end person;
-- show errors
-- create or replace package body person
-- function new
-- old define_function_args('person__new','person_id,object_type;person,creation_date;now(),creation_user,creation_ip,email,url,first_names,last_name,context_id')
-- new
select define_function_args('person__new','person_id;null,object_type;person,creation_date;now(),creation_user;null,creation_ip;null,email,url;null,first_names,last_name,context_id;null');
--
-- procedure person__new/10
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION person__new(
new__person_id integer, -- default null
new__object_type varchar, -- default 'person'
new__creation_date timestamptz, -- default now() -- default 'now()'
new__creation_user integer, -- default null
new__creation_ip varchar, -- default null
new__email varchar,
new__url varchar, -- default null
new__first_names varchar,
new__last_name varchar,
new__context_id integer -- default null
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
v_person_id persons.person_id%TYPE;
BEGIN
v_person_id :=
party__new(new__person_id, new__object_type,
new__creation_date, new__creation_user, new__creation_ip,
new__email, new__url, new__context_id);
update acs_objects
set title = new__first_names || ' ' || new__last_name
where object_id = v_person_id;
insert into persons
(person_id, first_names, last_name)
values
(v_person_id, new__first_names, new__last_name);
return v_person_id;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
-- procedure delete
-- added
select define_function_args('person__delete','person_id');
--
-- procedure person__delete/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION person__delete(
delete__person_id integer
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
delete from persons
where person_id = delete__person_id;
PERFORM party__delete(delete__person_id);
return 0;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
-- function name
-- added
select define_function_args('person__name','person_id');
--
-- procedure person__name/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION person__name(
name__person_id integer
) RETURNS varchar AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
return first_names || ' ' || last_name
from persons
where person_id = name__person_id;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql stable strict;
-- function first_names
-- added
select define_function_args('person__first_names','person_id');
--
-- procedure person__first_names/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION person__first_names(
first_names__person_id integer
) RETURNS varchar AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
return first_names
from persons
where person_id = first_names__person_id;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql stable strict;
-- function last_name
-- added
select define_function_args('person__last_name','person_id');
--
-- procedure person__last_name/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION person__last_name(
last_name__person_id integer
) RETURNS varchar AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
return last_name
from persons
where person_id = last_name__person_id;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql stable strict;
-- show errors
create table users (
user_id integer not null
constraint users_user_id_fk
references persons (person_id)
constraint users_user_id_pk primary key,
authority_id integer
constraint users_authority_id_fk
references auth_authorities(authority_id),
username varchar(100)
constraint users_username_nn
not null,
screen_name varchar(100)
constraint users_screen_name_un
unique,
priv_name integer default 0 not null,
priv_email integer default 5 not null,
email_verified_p boolean default 't',
email_bouncing_p boolean default 'f' not null,
last_visit timestamptz,
second_to_last_visit timestamptz,
n_sessions integer default 1 not null,
-- local authentication information
password character varying(128),
password_hash_algorithm character varying(100)
DEFAULT 'salted-sha1' NOT NULL,
salt char(40),
password_question varchar(1000),
password_answer varchar(1000),
password_changed_date timestamptz,
-- used for the authentication cookie
auth_token varchar(100),
-- table constraints
constraint users_authority_username_un
unique (authority_id, username)
);
create index users_username_lower_idx on users(lower(username));
create index users_screenname_lower_idx on users(lower(screen_name));
create table user_preferences (
user_id integer constraint user_preferences_user_id_fk
references users (user_id)
constraint user_preferences_user_id_pk
primary key,
prefer_text_only_p boolean default 'f',
-- an ISO 639 language code (in lowercase)
language_preference char(2) default 'en',
dont_spam_me_p boolean default 'f',
email_type varchar(64),
timezone varchar(100)
);
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION inline_1 () RETURNS integer AS $$
BEGIN
insert into acs_object_type_tables
(object_type, table_name, id_column)
values
('user', 'user_preferences', 'user_id');
return 0;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
select inline_1 ();
drop function inline_1 ();
-- show errors
alter table acs_objects add
constraint acs_objects_creation_user_fk
foreign key (creation_user) references users(user_id);
alter table acs_objects add
constraint acs_objects_modifying_user_fk
foreign key (modifying_user) references users(user_id);
comment on table users is '
The creation_date and creation_ip columns inherited from acs_objects
indicate when and from where the user registered. How do we apply a
constraint ("email must not be null") to the parent type?
';
comment on column users.last_visit is '
Set when user reappears at site
';
comment on column users.second_to_last_visit is '
This is what most pages query against (since last_visit will only be
a few minutes old for most pages in a session)
';
comment on column users.n_sessions is '
How many times this user has visited
';
----------------------
-- ACS_USER PACKAGE --
----------------------
-- create or replace package acs_user
-- as
--
-- function new (
-- user_id in users.user_id%TYPE default null,
-- object_type in acs_objects.object_type%TYPE
-- default 'user',
-- creation_date in acs_objects.creation_date%TYPE
-- default sysdate,
-- creation_user in acs_objects.creation_user%TYPE
-- default null,
-- creation_ip in acs_objects.creation_ip%TYPE default null,
-- email in parties.email%TYPE,
-- url in parties.url%TYPE default null,
-- first_names in persons.first_names%TYPE,
-- last_name in persons.last_name%TYPE,
-- password in users.password%TYPE,
-- salt in users.salt%TYPE,
-- password_question in users.password_question%TYPE default null,
-- password_answer in users.password_answer%TYPE default null,
-- screen_name in users.screen_name%TYPE default null,
-- email_verified_p in users.email_verified_p%TYPE default 't',
-- context_id in acs_objects.context_id%TYPE default null
-- )
-- return users.user_id%TYPE;
--
-- procedure approve_email (
-- user_id in users.user_id%TYPE
-- );
--
-- procedure unapprove_email (
-- user_id in users.user_id%TYPE
-- );
--
-- procedure delete (
-- user_id in users.user_id%TYPE
-- );
--
-- end acs_user;
-- show errors
-- create or replace package body acs_user
select define_function_args('acs_user__new','user_id;null,object_type;user,creation_date;now(),creation_user;null,creation_ip;null,authority_id;null,username,email,url;null,first_names,last_name,password,salt,screen_name;null,email_verified_p;t,context_id;null');
--
-- procedure acs_user__new/16
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION acs_user__new(
p_user_id integer, -- default null
p_object_type varchar, -- default 'user'
p_creation_date timestamptz, -- default now()
p_creation_user integer, -- default null
p_creation_ip varchar, -- default null
p_authority_id integer, -- defaults to local authority
p_username varchar,
p_email varchar,
p_url varchar, -- default null
p_first_names varchar,
p_last_name varchar,
p_password char,
p_salt char,
p_screen_name varchar, -- default null
p_email_verified_p boolean, -- default 't'
p_context_id integer -- default null
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
v_user_id users.user_id%TYPE;
v_authority_id auth_authorities.authority_id%TYPE;
v_person_exists integer;
BEGIN
v_user_id := p_user_id;
select 1 from persons into v_person_exists where person_id = v_user_id;
if NOT FOUND then
v_user_id := person__new(
v_user_id,
p_object_type,
p_creation_date,
p_creation_user,
p_creation_ip,
p_email,
p_url,
p_first_names,
p_last_name,
p_context_id
);
else
update acs_objects set object_type = 'user' where object_id = v_user_id;
end if;
-- default to local authority
if p_authority_id is null then
select authority_id
into v_authority_id
from auth_authorities
where short_name = 'local';
else
v_authority_id := p_authority_id;
end if;
insert into users
(user_id, authority_id, username, password, salt, screen_name, email_verified_p)
values
(v_user_id, v_authority_id, p_username, p_password, p_salt, p_screen_name, p_email_verified_p);
insert into user_preferences
(user_id)
values
(v_user_id);
return v_user_id;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
--
-- procedure acs_user__new/5
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION acs_user__new(
email varchar,
fname varchar,
lname varchar,
pword char,
salt char
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
return acs_user__new(null,
'user',
now(),
null,
null,
email,
null,
fname,
lname,
pword,
salt,
null,
null,
null,
't',
null
);
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
-- procedure approve_email
-- added
select define_function_args('acs_user__approve_email','user_id');
--
-- procedure acs_user__approve_email/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION acs_user__approve_email(
approve_email__user_id integer
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
update users
set email_verified_p = 't'
where user_id = approve_email__user_id;
return 0;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
-- procedure unapprove_email
-- added
select define_function_args('acs_user__unapprove_email','user_id');
--
-- procedure acs_user__unapprove_email/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION acs_user__unapprove_email(
unapprove_email__user_id integer
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
update users
set email_verified_p = 'f'
where user_id = unapprove_email__user_id;
return 0;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
-- procedure delete
-- added
select define_function_args('acs_user__delete','user_id');
--
-- procedure acs_user__delete/1
--
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION acs_user__delete(
delete__user_id integer
) RETURNS integer AS $$
DECLARE
BEGIN
delete from user_preferences
where user_id = delete__user_id;
delete from users
where user_id = delete__user_id;
PERFORM person__delete(delete__user_id);
return 0;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
-- show errors
OpenACS – The Toolkit for Online Communities : ACS API Browser : ACS Kernel 5.2.1d2 : community-core-create.sql
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